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This map of Muscovy by Isaac Maasa features both the Caspian and the Black Seas as the southern limit of Muscovy's territory.

Oil and gas pipelines in Central Asia. Note: The Kazakhstan-Chinese pipeline (green) from Atyrau (north of Aktau) to China is finished by now

A horse-drawn omnibus on Nevsky Prospekt in Petersburg, 1900. K. Bulla's photo studio can be seen in the background.

I visualized the series of (population density, GDP, GDP per capita, FDI) on a map that juxtaposes provinces of China and other countries in the Silk Road region, so they are in a sense more comparable in scale. Data sources includes World Bank …

Vintage Postcard: The Elephant Gate at Number 9 Budapester Strasse

The architectural contest for the Palace of the Soviets (1931–1933) was won by Boris Iofan's neoclassical concept, subsequently revised by Iofan, Vladimir Shchuko and Vladimir Gelfreikh into a skyscraper. If built, it would have become the world's…

X-ray had become such a critical piece of equipment since WWI that it was one of the first pieces of equipment that needed to be imported to the hospital. Just a few decades earlier, Röntgen rays (X-ray) was discovered in 1895, and the phenomenon…